Wednesday, August 30, 2006
Hostile Laughter
Athena to Odysseus, in Sophocles, Ajax 79 (tr. Hugh Lloyd-Jones):
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Is not laughing at one's enemies the most delighful sort of laughter?Sophocles, Electra 277-281 (tr. R.C. Jebb):
οὔκουν γέλως ἥδιστος εἰς ἐχθροὺς γελᾶν;
Nay, as if exulting in [ἐγγελῶσα = laughing in] her deeds, having found the day on which she treacherously slew my father of old, she keeps it with dance and song, and month by month sacrifices sheep to the gods who have wrought her deliverance.Sophocles, Electra 804-807 (tr. Jebb):
ἀλλ᾽ ὥσπερ ἐγγελῶσα τοῖς ποιουμένοις,
εὑροῦσ᾽ ἐκείνην ἡμέραν, ἐν ᾗ τότε
πατέρα τὸν ἀμὸν ἐκ δόλου κατέκτανεν,
ταύτῃ χοροὺς ἵστησι καὶ μηλοσφαγεῖ
θεοῖσιν ἔμμην᾽ ἱερὰ τοῖς σωτηρίοις.
How think ye? Was there not grief and anguish there, wondrous weeping and wailing of that miserable mother, for the son who perished by such a fate? Nay, she left us with a laugh!Sophocles, Electra 1153 (tr. Lloyd-Jones):
ἆρ᾽ ὑμὶν ὡς ἀλγοῦσα κὠδυνωμένη
δεινῶς δακρῦσαι κἀπικωκῦσαι δοκεῖ
τὸν υἱὸν ἡ δύστηνος ὧδ᾽ ὀλωλότα;
ἀλλ᾽ ἐγγελῶσα φροῦδος.
Our enemies are laughing.Sophocles, Electra 1293-1295 (tr. Lloyd-Jones):
γελῶσι δ᾽ ἐχθροί.
But tell me what will suit the present time, where we must appear or where we must hide to put a stop to our enemies' laughter by our present expedition.Sophocles, Philoctetes 258-259 (tr. Jebb):
ἃ δ᾽ ἁρμόσει μοι τῷ παρόντι νῦν χρόνῳ
σήμαιν᾽, ὅπου φανέντες ἢ κεκρυμμένοι
γελῶντας ἐχθροὺς παύσομεν τῇ νῦν ὁδῷ.
No, the men who wickedly cast me out keep their secret and laugh.Sophocles, Philoctetes 1020-1024 (tr. Jebb):
ἀλλ᾽ οἱ μὲν ἐκβαλόντες ἀνοσίως ἐμὲ
γελῶσι σῖγ᾽ ἔχοντες.
But, since the gods grant nothing sweet to me, thou livest and art glad, while life itself is pain to me, steeped in misery as I am, -- mocked [γελώμενος = laughed at] by thee and by the sons of Atreus, for whom thou doest this errand.Sophocles, Philoctetes 1123-1125 (tr. Lloyd-Jones):
ἀλλ᾽ οὐ γὰρ οὐδὲν θεοὶ νέμουσιν ἡδύ μοι,
σὺ μὲν γέγηθας ζῶν, ἐγὼ δ᾽ ἀλγύνομαι
τοῦτ᾽ αὔθ᾽, ὅτι ζῶ σὺν κακοῖς πολλοῖς τάλας,
γελώμενος πρὸς σοῦ τε καὶ τῶν Ἀτρέως
διπλῶν στρατηγῶν, οἷς σὺ ταῦθ᾽ ὑπηρετεῖς.
Alas for me, somewhere by the shore of the gray sea he sits and mocks me [γελᾷ μου = laughs at me].Psalms 22.7-8:
οἴμοι μοι, καί που πολιᾶς
πόντου θινὸς ἐφήμενος
γελᾷ μου.
All they that see me laugh me to scorn: they shoot out the lip, they shake the head saying, He trusted on the LORD that he would deliver him: let him deliver him, seeing he delighted in him.Psalms 80.6:
Our enemies laugh among themselves.