Monday, April 29, 2019

 

Who Will Deliver Us From the Greeks and the Romans?

Charles Baudelaire (1821-1867), Selected Writings on Art and Literature, tr. P.E. Charvet (1972; rpt. London: Penguin Books, 2006), p. 223, with notes on p. 449:
The Histoire ancienne seems important to me because it is the best paraphrase, so to speak, of the celebrated line:
Qui nous délivrera des Grecs et des Romains?25
Daumier has launched a brutal attack on antiquity, on false antiquity — for none better than he is aware of the great things of antiquity — and has spat upon it; that hot-head Achilles, and that cautious fellow Ulysses, and the sagacious Penelope, and that great booby Telemachus, and the beautiful Helen, bane of Troy, the whole lot of them in fact appear before us under a guise of grotesque ugliness, which recalls those old carcasses of tragic actors taking a pinch of snuff in the wings. In all, a most entertaining piece of irreverence, and one, moreover, that was not without its usefulness. I can see now a friend of mine, a lyric poet and one of the 'Pagan School',26 being highly indignant about it. He called it impious, and spoke of the lovely Helen as others speak of the Virgin Mary. But those of us who have no great respect for Olympus and for tragedy were naturally inclined to enjoy the joke.

25. (p. 223) 'Who will deliver us from the Greeks and the Romans?' The line may come from Bernard Clément (1742-1812), critic, or, in the form 'Who will deliver me ...', from Joseph Berchoux (1765-1839), poet and journalist. (Guerlac, Citations françaises)

26. (p. 223) A literary and art fashion attacked by Baudelaire in his article 'L'École Paienne' (January 1852).



L'Histoire ancienne me paraît une chose importante, parce que c'est pour ainsi dire la meilleure paraphrase du vers célèbre: Qui nous délivrera des Grecs et des Romains? Daumier s'est abattu brutalement sur l'antiquité, sur la fausse antiquité, — car nul ne sent mieux que lui les grandeurs anciennes, — il a craché dessus; et le bouillant Achille, et le prudent Ulysse, et la sage Pénélope, et Télémaque, ce grand dadais, et la belle Hélène qui perdit Troie, et tous enfin nous apparaissent dans une laideur bouffonne qui rappelle ces vieilles carcasses d'acteurs tragiques prenant une prise de tabac dans les coulisses. Ce fut un blasphème très-amusant, et qui eut son utilité. Je me rappelle qu'un poëte lyrique et païen de mes amis en était fort indigné. Il appelait cela une impiété et parlait de la belle Hélène comme d'autres parlent de la Vierge Marie. Mais ceux-là qui n'ont pas un grand respect pour l'Olympe et pour la tragédie furent naturellement portés à s'en réjouir.



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