Friday, December 24, 2021

 

Fire and Apples

Cicero, On Old Age 19.71 (tr. William Armistead Falconer):
Therefore, when the young die I am reminded of a strong flame extinguished by a torrent; but when old men die it is as if a fire had gone out without the use of force and of its own accord, after the fuel had been consumed; and, just as apples when they are green are with difficulty plucked from the tree, but when ripe and mellow fall of themselves, so, with the young, death comes as a result of force, while with the old it is the result of ripeness.

itaque adulescentes mihi mori sic videntur ut cum aquae multitudine flammae vis opprimitur, senes autem sic ut cum sua sponte nulla adhibita vi consumptus ignis exstinguitur; et quasi poma ex arboribus cruda si sunt vix evelluntur, si matura et cocta decidunt, sic vitam adulescentibus vis aufert, senibus maturitas.

vix codd. plur.: vi VMO2PaGς
J.G.F. Powell ad loc.:
Here is the Midrash, from August Wünsche, "Der Midrasch Kohelet und Cicero's Cato Major," Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft 3 (1883) 126-128 (at 126-127, with my translation):
Worin besteht der Unterschied zwischen dem Tode der Jungen und dem Tode der Alten. R. Jehuda und R. Nechemja sind darüber verschiedener Meinung. R. Jehuda sagt: Wenn die Leuchte von selbst erlischt, so ist es gut für sie und für den Docht; wenn die Leuchte aber nicht von selbst erlischt, so ist es nachtheilig für sie und für den Docht. R. Nechemja sagt: Wird die Feige stets zur rechten Zeit gesammelt, so ist es gut für sie und für den Feigenbaum; wird sie aber nicht zur rechten Zeit gesammelt, so ist es nachtheilig für sie und für den Feigenbaum.

What is the difference between the death of the young and the death of the old? R. Yehuda and R. Nechemiah have different opinions about it. R. Yehudah says: If the lamp goes out by itself, it is good for it and for the wick; but if the lamp does not go out by itself, it is disadvantageous to it and to the wick. R. Nechemiah says: If the fig is always gathered at the right time, it is good for it and for the fig tree; but if it is not gathered at the right time, it is disadvantageous to it and to the fig tree.



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