Thursday, June 16, 2022
Orcs
Robert Stuart, Tolkien, Race, and Racism in Middle-Earth (Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2022), p. 150:
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Hearing the 'savage sound' of a chainsaw at work, he would exclaim 'Orcs!' (Sayer 1995, 23). A motorcyclist roaring past would evoke the same outraged exclamation: 'there is an Orc!' (Ordway 2021, 7). For Tolkien, modernity's apparatus of mechanised noise, pollution, and destruction was everywhere 'manned' by Orcs.References (id., p. 162):
Ordway, H. (2021) Tolkien's Modern Reading: Middle-earth Beyond the Middle Ages, Park Ridge IL: Word on Fire Academic.
Sayer, G. (1995) 'Recollections of J.R.R. Tolkien', in P. Reynolds and G. GoodKnight (eds). Proceedings of the J.R.R. Tolkien Centenary Conference, Keble College, Oxford, 1992, Altadena, CA: Mythopoeic Press, pp. 21–25.