Tuesday, December 19, 2023
Death
Homer, Odyssey 3.236-238 (tr. A.T. Murray):
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But of a truth death that is common to all the gods themselvesMore normal word order:
cannot ward from a man they love, when
the fell fate of grievous death shall strike him down.
ἀλλ᾽ ἦ τοι θάνατον μὲν ὁμοίιον οὐδὲ θεοί περ
καὶ φίλῳ ἀνδρὶ δύνανται ἀλαλκέμεν, ὁππότε κεν δὴ
μοῖρ᾽ ὀλοὴ καθέλῃσι τανηλεγέος θανάτοιο.
But of a truth the gods themselves cannot ward death that is common to all from a man they love, when the fell fate of grievous death shall strike him down.Joseph Russo on Homer, Odyssey 19.145:
τανηλεγέος θανάτοιο: 'death with extended grief', a noun-epithet formula found eight times in the Odyssey and twice in the Iliad, τανηλεγής is most likely from ταναός (τείνω) and ἄλγος (the adjectival ἀλεγεινός), as Hesychius saw when he glossed this word with παρατεταμένην ἔχοντος τὴν ἀλγηδόνα. Similar lengthening of α to η in a compound is seen in the Homeric δυσηχής, from δυσ- plus ἄχος, and in δυσηλεγής, which, although apparently similar, may not be built on ἄλγος but on ἀλέγω, with the meaning 'uncaring, pitiless', which would suit its frequent application to πόλεμος (see Leumann, Wörter, 45; Chantraine, Dictionnaire, s.v. ἄλγος, ἀλέγω).