Tuesday, October 14, 2025

 

"By Zeus" in Aristophanes' Wealth

Aristophanes, Wealth 877 (tr. Jeffery Henderson):
By Zeus the Savior...

νὴ τὸν Δία τὸν σωτῆρα...
"By Zeus" alone (μὰ Δία, νὴ Δία, vel sim.) without an epithet is by far more common in Aristophanes, occurring 37 times in Wealth, at lines
22,
101, 106, 111, 134, 144, 165, 187,
202,
356, 359,
400, 410, 444,
551, 566,
613, 657,
704, 706, 712, 715,
848, 863, 870, 889, 890,
905, 920, 971,
1008, 1010, 1021, 1028,
1102, 1116,
1202
In none of these cases did Henderson translate the expression as "by Zeus," instead preferring to render it as "indeed," "not at all," "I'll bet," "certainly," or in some other way that disguises its divine connection. Other gods are also slighted in the same way, e.g. at lines 64 (μὰ τὴν Δήμητρα), 74 (νὴ τοὺς θεοὺς), 987 (μὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω), 1006 (νὴ τὼ θεὼ).

Related post: By Zeus (in Aristophanes' Lysistrata).



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