Saturday, May 07, 2016

 

Books Around Him

Interview with Angela Levi Bianchini in La Repubblica (January 26, 2015; excerpt translated by Ian Jackson and printed here with his kind permission):
How were your American years?
Decisive beyond all expectation. In Baltimore I enrolled in Johns Hopkins University. I had the good fortune to encounter and become acquainted with extraordinary people. One above all: Leo Spitzer, who taught Romance Philology. The first time I saw him, he entered the lecture hall with a stack of books held in place with his chin. His hair was a color between white and grey. And his enormous tweed jacket gave him an unkempt appearance. He was fascinating.

How did he end up in America?
He was a Viennese Jew. Persecuted. Early on, as an employee of the Austrian Empire, he was deputed to censor the letters that Italian prisoners sent home. This experience was the origin of a remarkable book. You see, Spitzer was able to combine great humanity with specialization.

And your relations?
Lovely. I wanted to be considered by him as more than a pupil. One day we were talking — I seem to have been distressed — and I told him that sometimes I didn’t know where I stood and that this was the result of having lost everything. He replied that it is what little we carry with us that is the factor determining our situation. Books — he pointed to them.

Which meant?
He explained it to me. To you (he said) it seems as though you have wound up here, in America, by the will of others, or by force majeure. In part that is true. Where we pitch our tent partly depends on others. But with this as our baggage, gesturing toward the books, we always know where we are and why.

Cosa sono stati gli anni americani?
Decisivi oltre ogni previsione. A Baltimora mi iscrissi alla John Hopkins University. Ebbi la fortuna di conoscere e frequentare persone meravigliose. Una su tutte: Leo Spitzer che insegnava filologia romanza. La prima volta che lo vidi faceva il suo ingresso in aula con una pila di libri tenuta in equilibrio con il mento. I capelli tra il bianco e il grigio. E la giacca enorme di tweed gli conferivano un'aria trasandata. E affascinante.

Com'era finito negli Stati Uniti?
Era un ebreo viennese. Perseguitato. Da giovane era stato addetto, come ufficiale dell'impero austriaco, al controllo e alla censura delle lettere che i soldati italiani prigionieri spedivano a casa. Da quell'esperienza nacque un libro straordinario. Ecco, Spitzer sapeva coniugare grande umanità e specialismo.

E i vostri rapporti?
Bellissimi. Sentivo il desiderio di essere considerata da lui più che un'allieva. Un giorno conversando, forse presa dallo sconforto, gli dissi che a volte non sapevo dove fossi e che questo dipendesse dal fatto che avevo perso tutto. Mi rispose che è quel poco che portiamo con noi a determinare il posto in cui finiamo. Indicava i libri.

Cosa voleva dire?
Me lo spiegò. A lei, disse, le sembrerà di essere finita qui, in America, per volontà di altri o per ragioni di forza maggiore. In parte è così. In parte dipende dagli altri dove pianteremo la nostra tenda. Ma con questo bagaglio, indicando i libri, si sa sempre dove siamo e perché.
"This experience was the origin of a remarkable book" — Leo Spitzer, Italienische Kriegsgefangenenbriefe. Materialien zu einer Charakteristik der volkstümlichen italienischen Korrespondenz (Bonn: Peter Hanstein 1921), Italian translation Lettere di prigionieri di guerra italiani (1976; rpt. Milan: Il Saggiatore, 2016).

"You have wound up here, in America, by the will of others, or by force majeure" — Angela Levi Bianchini escaped from Mussolini's Italy in 1941.

The headline to the interview is a quotation from Angela Bianchini: "Sono una profuga sempre in esilio, solo i libri mi fanno sentire a casa." ("I am a refugee always in exile, only books make me feel at home.")


Photograph of Leo Spitzer, with
books around him, by Werner Wolff



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