Wednesday, October 07, 2026
Take Me to Your Leader
Philemon, fragment 31 Kassel and Austin (tr. T.F. Higham):
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I serve my master: you, and countless others,The same, tr. F.A. Paley:
Are governed by convention. Some, again,
Obey a tyrant, ruled himself by fear.
Kings have their servants, but submit to gods:
God, to Necessity. Considered well,
All things in their degree give place, the small
By nature's law made subject to the greater.
ἐμοῦ γάρ ἐστι κύριος <μὲν> εἷς ἀνήρ,
τούτου δὲ καὶ σοῦ μυρίων τ᾽ ἄλλων νόμος,
ἑτέρων τύραννος, τῶν τυραννούντων φόβος·
δοῦλοι βασιλέων εἰσίν, ὁ βασιλεὺς θεῶν,
ὁ θεὸς ἀνάγκης. πάντα δ᾽, ἂν σκοπῇς, ὅλως 5
ἑτέρων πέφυκεν ἥττον᾽· ὧν δὲ μείζονα,
τούτοις ἀνάγκη ταῦτα δουλεύειν ἀεί.
My master calls me his; but him, and all,—Frederick H.M. Blaydes, Adversaria in Comicorum Graecorum Fragmenta, Pars I (Halle: In Orphanotrophei Libraria, 1890), p. 130: Theodor Kock filled the supposed lacuna between lines 3 and 4 as follows:
Myself and thousands more,— the laws enthral.
By tyrants some are held; themselves by fear;
Kings rule on earth, but from the heavenly sphere
Gods direct kingly actions day by day;
But gods themselves Necessity obey.
Look round; in everything the law's the same;
The stronger o'er the weaker mastery claim.
χοὶ μὲν ξεναγοὶ τῶν σατραπῶν, οἱ δὲ σατράπαι

